Pengaruh Diabetes Self-Management Education Terhadap Kualitas Hidup Penderita Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2
Kata Kunci:
diabetes melitus, diabetes self-management education, kualitas hidup, manajemen diri, perawatan diriAbstrak
Latar Belakang: Diabetes melitus tipe 2 merupakan penyakit kronis yang memerlukan kemampuan perawatan diri secara berkelanjutan. Pengelolaan yang kurang optimal dapat berdampak pada penurunan kualitas hidup penderita. Diabetes Self-Management Education (DSME) merupakan salah satu intervensi edukatif yang bertujuan meningkatkan kemampuan penderita dalam mengelola penyakitnya secara mandiri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh program DSME terhadap kualitas hidup penderita diabetes melitus tipe 2. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain quasi-experimental dengan pendekatan one-group pretest–posttest design. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 15 penderita diabetes melitus tipe 2 yang dipilih menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Kualitas hidup diukur menggunakan kuesioner Diabetes Quality of Life sebelum dan sesudah intervensi. Program DSME diberikan secara berkelompok dalam enam sesi yang mencakup konsep dasar diabetes, pengelolaan gejala, aktivitas fisik, pengaturan diet, penggunaan obat, akses pelayanan kesehatan, dan evaluasi program. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya peningkatan skor kualitas hidup setelah diberikan program DSME. Uji Wilcoxon menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara kualitas hidup sebelum dan sesudah intervensi dengan nilai p = 0,002. Kesimpulan: Program DSME dapat meningkatkan kualitas hidup penderita diabetes melitus tipe 2. DSME dapat dipertimbangkan sebagai intervensi edukatif dalam pelayanan keperawatan komunitas dan layanan primer.
Referensi
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